Are you ready for the second tutorial in a series of n8n tutorial videos by Ben Young?
In it, Ben explores various ways to self-host n8n and how to set it up in Que Mode. After the video, we’ll unpack what he covers step by step to help you understand.
The complete series of tutorials is listed below.
Let’s dive in.
n8n Tutorial #2 Explained
Setting up our own automation tools can be tough, with costs and customization being big hurdles. Many of us look for efficient solutions without hidden fees or limits. This leads us to consider self-hosting our own n8n, a versatile automation platform that gives us full control over our workflows.
In this explanation of Ben’s video, we’ll explore three different methods to install n8n on our systems. We will address the flexibility of running automation in a self-hosted environment and how to utilize features like the highly scalable Queue Mode. This setup adapts to our workflow needs and enhances performance and reliability. For those who prefer less management, we will briefly mention cloud options available for n8n. We will also explore best practices for maintaining and scaling a self-hosted instance, including security measures, backup strategies, and optimizing performance over time.
Key Takeaways
- Self-hosting n8n allows for unlimited automation without hidden costs.
- Running n8n in Queue Mode provides scalability for various workflows.
- Multiple installation methods, including local and server options, cater to different needs.
- Proper maintenance and security strategies can ensure long-term reliability.
The Appeal of Self-Hosting n8n
Unlimited Automation
Self-hosting n8n gives us the power to create as many automation as we want without any limits. We do not have to worry about hidden fees with subscription services. This flexibility allows us to tailor our workflows to fit our needs and handle many tasks simultaneously. Whether managing personal projects or handling enterprise-level automation, self-hosting enables scalability at a predictable cost.
Full Customization
With self-hosting, we can fully customize our n8n instance. We can add nodes created by the community or write our own code in languages like Python or JavaScript. This personalization level ensures we can create workflows that truly match our specific requirements and preferences. We can also connect n8n with a variety of external services, databases, and APIs to enhance automation capabilities.
Security and Control
One of the biggest benefits of self-hosting n8n is maintaining complete control over security and data privacy. Unlike cloud-based automation solutions that store workflows on external servers, self-hosting ensures that sensitive data remains within our infrastructure. We can further safeguard our automation environment from possible threats by implementing authentication, encryption, and role-based access controls.
System Requirements for n8n
Database Specifications
The database needs between 0.5 GB and 4 GB of SSD storage. This range is sufficient to manage the data for our workflows effectively. Using PostgreSQL instead of SQLite for larger implementations can improve performance and stability.
Memory and RAM Needs
The memory requirement is fairly low. We should allocate between 0.3 GB and 2 GB of RAM for smooth operation. If we run n8n on a server that handles multiple applications, allocating at least 4 GB of RAM is recommended to prevent slowdowns and optimize multitasking.
CPU Considerations
In terms of CPU, a minimum of 10 CPU cycles is recommended. n8n is not CPU-heavy, which means small servers will typically meet our needs. If our workflows become complex, we might require additional processing power, but a small setup will work just fine for most tasks. High-frequency automation tasks or heavy API requests may require more CPU resources to maintain efficiency.
Installation Methods for n8n
NPM Installation Process
To install n8n using NPM, we start with a few essential steps. First, we must have Node.js version 18 or higher. Download it from the official Node.js website for our operating system.
After installation, we open our Mac terminal or use the Windows command prompt. Next, we enter the command npm install -g n8n to get the latest production release. To run n8n, we simply type n8n in the terminal, and it’s set up!
Updating n8n via NPM
Updating n8n is easy. Look for an update notice at the bottom of the left navigation bar. It will tell you about the new version. To update, type npm update -g n8n in your terminal for the latest version. For the beta, add @latest at the end.
Docker as an Alternative
Docker makes installing n8n easier. It sets up n8n in a clean environment, which is great for users who prefer Postgres over SQLite.
Docker ensures consistency across different operating systems. It also makes deploying n8n across multiple servers easier, ensuring scalability in production environments.
Updating n8n in Docker
To update n8n in Docker, go to the “Images” tab in Docker Desktop. Then, select the “Pull” option from the three-dot menu. This pulls the latest n8n image.
Regularly updating Docker containers keeps your system secure and stable.
Server Setups for n8n
Permanent and Scalable Options
Self-hosting n8n lets us create a permanent and scalable solution. We can run n8n on various servers, adapting to our needs. Hosting n8n means unlimited workflows without extra costs and deep customization.
We can scale our automation efficiently by adding load balancers and worker instances.
DigitalOcean Droplet Example
Using a DigitalOcean droplet is a simple way to host n8n. A droplet gives us a dedicated server to set up quickly. DigitalOcean provides a clear guide, making it easy to follow.
This option lets us focus on creating workflows, not server management.
We can scale our server resources with a droplet as our workflow demands change. Using Redis for caching can also improve performance.
Setting Up Queue Mode for Scalability
Grasping Queue Mode
Queue Mode boosts automation scalability and performance. The main instance handles workflow information triggered by time-based events or webhooks, and worker instances execute these workflows.
Redis acts as a rapid messaging layer between the main instance and workers. We can also add a webhook processor to manage incoming requests, increasing efficiency.
Using Railway for Queue Mode Installation
Railway simplifies setting up Queue Mode. It offers templates to make the process easier. Here’s how to install n8n’s Queue Mode version using Railway:
- Access Railway: Start by visiting the Railway website. The provided link gives us complimentary server credits, making it cost-effective.
- Select a Template: Choose either the Queue Mode template or the Queue Mode with webhook processors template. The hobby plan is affordable and meets our resource needs.
- Deploy the Instance: After picking a template, click deploy to start the installation. Railway will automatically set up the necessary resources for your n8n instance.
- Configure Environment Variables: Go to the environment settings in Railway and adjust key variables. This ensures Queue Mode is set up for scalable workflow execution.
- Monitor and Scale as Needed: Use Railway’s monitoring tools to track performance and adjust resources if needed. Scaling involves adding more worker instances for increased automation loads.
This method gives us a powerful version of n8n for managing workflows. We can optimize worker distribution for high availability and load balancing with advanced configurations.
Tutorial Series
- Introduction to n8n.io
- n8n Tutorial #1: Why Choose n8n to Build AI Agents
- n8n Tutorial #2: Ways to Self-Host n8n
- n8n Tutorial #3: Beginners Guide for Getting Started
- n8n Tutorial #4: Understanding Webhooks & API Calls
Note: More to come.
FAQ
What is n8n and why should I self-host it?
n8n is a tool for automating workflows. It lets users connect services, APIs, and databases. Hosting it yourself means you control your data, avoid fees, and automate without limits.
What are the advantages of self-hosting n8n over using a cloud service?
Self-hosting n8n provides better security and customization, saves money, and allows you to scale without limits.
What are the recommended system requirements for hosting n8n?
n8n needs:
- Storage: 0.5 – 4 GB SSD
- Memory: 0.3 – 2 GB RAM (4 GB for big workflows)
- CPU: At least 10 CPU cycles
What is the easiest way for beginners to install n8n?
Docker makes setting up n8n easy. Just run docker run -it --rm n8nio/n8n to start it without changing your system.
How do I keep my n8n installation updated?
For NPM, use npm update -g n8n. For Docker, pull the latest image and restart the container.
What is Queue Mode, and how does it benefit performance?
Queue Mode spreads workflows across workers. This boosts speed, reliability, and scalability in busy times.
How can I ensure security while self-hosting n8n?
To keep n8n safe, use:
- HTTPS with SSL certificates
- Strong authentication and access control
- Firewall rules to block unwanted access
- Regular updates to fix security holes
Can n8n be integrated with external databases like PostgreSQL?
Yes, n8n works with PostgreSQL. It’s faster and more scalable than SQLite.
What hosting providers work best for self-hosting n8n?
Good choices include DigitalOcean, AWS EC2, Railway, and VPS providers that support Docker or NPM.
How do I back up my self-hosted n8n workflows?
Back up your database and n8n files regularly. If using Docker, snapshot the container volume for easy recovery.
